Convertible apparatus for emplacing plastic material



2,065,022 CONVERTIBLE APPARATUS FOR EMPLACING PLASTIC MATERIAL R E T L U0 P w i Filed Dec. 5, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 wm RM J. w. POULTERCONVERTIBLE APPARATUS FOR EMPLACING PLASTIC MATERIAL N Mr 0 a f 4 W r QMFiled Dec. 5, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dec. 22, 1936 UONVERTIBLEAPPARATUS FOR EMPLAC- ING PLASTIC MATERIAL John W. Poulter, MountPleasant, Iowa, assignor to National Equipment Corporation, Milwaukee,

Wis., a corporation Application December 5, 1933, Serial No. 701,047

15 Claims.

terials, and particularly for forcing a filling ma- 1 terial beneath apavement surface which has become sunken due to settlement of thesubgrade, or for other'reasons is below the desired elevation. Thetreatment of so-called rigid pavements, foundations, and the like, forthe purpose of restoring the same by elevating the sunken portionsthereof to the desired level was first disclosed and broadly covered inmy prior Patent No. 1,915,032, granted June 20th, 1933, followed by myPatent No. 1,929,215, granted October 3rd, 1933, and has attained adefinite status in the art of highway construction. As a result of mydiscoveries and developments, it is no longer deemed necessary to tearup or resurface sunken or badly broken, choppy and uneven sections ofpavement as was customary and the commonly accepted practice priorthereto, complete restoration of the pavement being now attainable at avery nominal and very small fraction of the originally requiredmaintenance expense by the practice of the inventions of the aforesaidpatents.

In my copending application Serial No. 542,153, filed June 4th, 1931,now Patent No. 1,969,324, there is disclosed a practical unitaryapparatus for mixing and pumping a mud filler in the practice of theinventions of my prior patents. This apparatus comprises essentially, amixing device primarily designed for thoroughly mixing soil, a binderand water, and a mechanically driven pumping device arranged toreceive'the mixed mud filler and adapted to force the same beneath thepavement slab or other structure, the mixer and pump having theconstruction of. 'a portable unit.

The complete equipment for a crew engaged in elevating sunken slabsheretofore has comprised, in addition to the foregoing apparatus,

and the trucks for hauling the soil and Water, a-

conventional portable compressor unit with the usual pneumatic drillsand pavement breakers for drilling the holes in the pavement throughwhich the filler is to be forced and for cutting stress relief slots inthe pavement Where necessary. There is thus tied up with eachcrew aseparate compressor unit, thereby materially increasing the outlay forequipment for each crew.

To the end of providing a single unitary apparatus for carrying out thecomplete process from the initial preparation of the pavement to thefinal elevation thereof, the present invention has for an object theutilization of an air compressor for operating the drilling equipment inthe usual manner, but in addition it is made available for forcing thefilling material beneath the pavement by the action of compressed airdirectly upon the filler where the resistance to 5 the introduction ofthe materials is sufficiently low so that this may be accomplished bythe pressure normally available at the compressor.

Due to the fact that this pressure at the compressor is limited, and theresistance to the flow of the materials beneath the slab is frequentlygreater than will be overcome by the pressure produced by the usualcompressors available for this purpose, particularly in the case ofinitially starting the filler beneath the slab, it is an object of theinvention to provide a pneumatic pump, operable by the compressed airproduced by a compressor, the pump mechanically acting upon the fillermaterial to drive or force the filler beneath the slab under a muchgreater pressure than would be attained by the use of the compressed airalone directly acting upon the filler.

An important object of the invention, therefore, is to provide apneumatically operated mechanical pump unit for emplacing a mobilefluid, and which is convertible to a purely pneumatic pressure emplacingunit, or conversely.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a unitary apparatusfor preparing a mobile filler suitable for backfilling and elevatingpavements or like structures, which apparatus includes pneumatic meansfor emplacing the filler as or subsequent to the preparation thereof.

The invention has for a further object the provision of a receptacle orhopper for the reception of a suitably prepared filler and from whichthe filler is directed to the point of emplacement by a pneumaticallydriven mechanical pump of the reciprocating piston or plunger type, theapparatus further embodying suitable control means for rendering theplunger inoperative whereby the apparatus is converted into a directacting pneumatic pressure emplacing means for the filler, asdistinguished from theindirect pneumatic action when the piston isemployed to create the pressure on the filler.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a mobile fluidemplacing apparatus wherein pneumatic pressure is employed direct- 1y,indirectly or combinatively, at will, as the medium for emplacing thefluid at a desired point.

Other and further objects and advantages of the invention willbehereinafter set forth and the novel features thereof defined by theappended claims.

In the drawings:--

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a unitary apparatus embodying the improvedfeatures of my invention, certain of the parts being shown inlongitudinal section;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view of an apparatus generally similar to Fig.1, but embodying a 'inodified form of filler emplacing unit;

Fig. 3 is a view similar 'to Fig. 2, showing the operative parts of themechanical pump in another position assumed during operation of themachine;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged, detail, sectional view of the valve mechanism forcontrolling the operation of the pump; and

Fig. 5 is an enlarged, detail, sectional view of the control valve forconverting the units of Figs. 3 and 4, from a direct to indirectpneumatic pressure unit, or conversely.

Briefly, the treatment of pavements, according to the patentshereinbefore referred to is as follows:-One or more holes of suitablesize are drilled or otherwise formed through the pavement, the locationof which holes depends upon the disposition of cracks in the pavementand the location and extent of the settlement, whereupon a mobile filleris pumped or otherwise forced (preferably progressively to avoid thecreation of undue stresses in the pavement) through the holes underpressure beneath the,

pavement until the sunken portions are elevated to the desired level.Super-elevation, as in banking curves, or other elevation of the entirestructure may be attained in a similar manner.

The nature of the mobile filler is such that it is readily flowablewithout disintegration under pressure, and is capable of solidifyingcomparatively quickly to provide a permanent support for the pavementupon the attainment of the desired elevation thereof. An inexpensive andreadily procurable filler may be had by suitably mixing the followingingredients in the approximate proportions stated (by volume) :--soil25parts; binder (cement, lime, or the equivalent)--1 part; water-12 parts(100 gallons per cubic yard), or enough waterto produce a consistencybetween that of thick cream and mortar. The most satisfactory soil ispreferably a loam, but any available soil may be employed providing thesand or clay content is not too great. he produced a suitable filler inthe nature of a mud excellently adapted for the purposes herein. Othersuitable filler compositions may be devised, but for the purposeshereof, reference will be made to apparatus particularly applicable tothe handling of a mud fluid.

Like reference characters designate corresponding parts in the severalfigures of the drawings.

Referring now to Fig. 1 of the drawings herein, i denotes generally amobile frame equipped with wheels 2 for transportation of said framefrom place to place. a source of power 3 such as a conventional internalcombustion motor to which is suitably connected a conventionalcompressor 8 through the medium of a transmission 5, reference character6 designating a control lever for controlling the operation of thecompressor by the motor.

Also driven by said motor 3 is a mixing unit generally designated 1comprising an elongated tank or compartment 8 suitably mounted on theframe. The tank is provided at one end with There will thus Patent No.1,969,324 referred to.

Mounted on said frame is,

aoeaoea a hopper 9 for the reception of the materials to be mixedtherein. Rotatably mounted within said tank are suitable mixing paddlesor blades it arranged, as for example, 'on a shaft l l extendinglongitudinally of said tank and suitably journalled at opposite ends asat E2 and E3. The paddles or blades iii are given a pitch such that theynormally tend to pass the materials longitudinaly through the tank fromthe receiving end to the opposite end during rotation of the paddles,thereby insuring a thorough mixingof the materials. Rotation of shaft iiand the paddles lb fixed thereto may be accomplished in any suitablemanner as by providing shaft H with an extension it on which is fixed apulley l5. A corresponding pulley i6 mounted on the crank shaft ll ofengine 3 may be arranged to.

drive said pulley it We suitable belt or power transmitting means it.

Located at the end of tank 8, opposite from the hopper end is adischarge opening it through which the materials may be discharged asthey are passed from the receiving end to the discharge end of the tank.This opening is preferably located a substantial distance'above thebottom of the tank so that the materials will be forced to pile up atthe discharge end before being discharged. In this manner, thethoroughness of mixing is facilitated. A clean-out opening 29 may alsobe provided, as the tank should be preferably cleaned or flushed outafter use. A door or closure 2| is provided to normally maintain theclean-out opening 29 closed during use of the mixer.

Attached to the rear or discharge end of the mixer unit is the emplacingunit or pump generally designated 22, which may be in the form of anattachment which may be applied to or detached from the mixer unit inany suitable manner on a plane indicated by the arrows 23. The emplacingunit comprises in one form, as shown in Fig. 1, a tank or receptacle 2 3constituting in effect a hopper, the lower portion of the tank as at 25being inwardly tapered for discharge of the materials received from themixer unit i into said tank and out thereof at the bottom, the tapererfacilitating discharge of the ma terials from said hopper by gravity andwithout leaving any appreciable amount of material to collect in cornersor on the sides of the tank. Suspended from the bottom of tank 25 is apressure cylinder 26 having its upper end arranged to receive thematerials from said tank, and provided at its lower end with a cylinderhead 26 having therein a discharge opening 2! to which may be coupled aflexible hose or other suitable conduit for the purpose of directing thematerials to the desired point of emplacement, as described in myprevious patents and copending Adjacent the lower end of said cylinder26 is a diaphragm 28 having an opening therethrough, and constituting avalve seat. Ball valve 29, having a specific gravity less than thespecific gravity of the mix handled by said units, is interposed betweenthe diaphragm 28 and the discharge opening in the cylinder head, theball and seat constituting a check valve means as will hereafter morefully appear.

Reciprocably mounted in said cylinder is a piston 30 which may beprovided with suitable sealing or packing means 3|, such as a rubberring, the piston being further provided with a bail 32 which is looselyconnected to a piston rod 33. The piston has an opening 34 therethroughconstituting a valve seat for cooperation with a valve 35 carried on theend of connecting rod 33. Thus, on the upward stroke of piston rod 33,the piston rod slides loosely through bail 32 until valve 35 engages thebail to draw the piston upwardly with the connecting rod until itreaches the top of its stroke. During the upward stroke,

the mix in tank- 24 enters pressure cylinder 26 by passing aboutthe bail32 and through the opening 34 in piston 30. On the downward stroke, theconnecting rod 33 moves downwardly through said bail until valve 35engages the valve seat 34 in the piston, whereupon further downwardmotion of the connecting rod forces the mix out of cylinder 26, byforcing ball valve 29 downwardly away from its seat, and allowing themix to flow out through the discharge opening 21. On the upward stroke,ball valve 29 floats upwardly against the seat 28 so as to preventreturn of the discharged mix into the cylinder, and new material fromtank 24 is permitted to enter the cylinder.

The mechanism for actuating connecting rod 33 and piston 3|] will now bedescribed. Mounted on top of tank 24 is a fluid pressure cylinder 36 inwhich is reciprocably mounted a piston 31. Piston 31 is'fixed to theupper end of connecting rod 33, the length of connecting rod 33 beingsuch that both pistons will reach the corresponding ends of theirrespective cylinders at approximately the same time. Air is preferablyemployed as the fluid for actuating the piston 31, which air may bederived fromcompressor 4,

from which it is adapted to enter an inlet con-- nection 38. Airadmission to and exhaust from opposite ends of cylinder 36 is controlledby a balanced type piston valve 39 located in valve chamber 40. Thisvalve includes suitably arranged piston heads which are adapted tocooperate with passages 4| and 42 leading from the intake connection 38to valve chamber 40. Passage 43 establishes communication between valvechamber 40 and the upper end of cylinder 36 while passage 44 establishescommunication between the valve chamber 40 and the lower end of cylinder36. Valve 39 is shiftable in said chamber and the shifting movementthereof is automatically accomplished by an auxiliary valve Thisauxiliary valve is reciprocable in valve chamber 46 and is provided withsuitably spaced piston heads cooperating with passages 41 and 48 leadingfrom the'auxiliary valve chamber 46 to opposite ends of valve chamber40. Exhaust passages 49 and 56 are provided for auxiliary valve chamber46. The exhaust from cylinder 36 is effected through passage 5|.Shifting of auxiliary valve 45 is accomplished by a bell crank 52pivotally mounted on the cylinder 36 as at 53 and having one armpivotally connected to the valve as at 54. The other arm of the bellcrank is pivotally connected as at 55 to a member 55 telescoping withinthe upper end of connecting rod 33. This member 56 is provided at itslower end with an abutment 51 and at its upper end an abutment 58, whichabutments are adapted to be engaged by an annular flange 59 on piston 31at'the lower and upper extremities respectively of the piston stroke.Operation of the pneumatic mechanism above described for reciproeatingpiston 30 may be briefly summarized as follows:

Assuming that the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 1, air entersintake 38 from compressor 4 to pass into auxiliary valve chamber 46about the body of the auxiliary valve and in the region thereof.

thence through passage 41 into valve chamber 40 at the left end of valve39, forcing valve 39 to the right and thereby permitting air to flowfrom intake 38 through passage 4| into valve chamber 40, through passage43 into the upper end of cylinder 36 thereby forcing piston 31.

downwardly. During the downward movement vof piston 31 exhaust from thelower side of the piston is permitted through passage 44 into valvechamber 40' between the innermost piston heads thereof and out throughpassage 5|. Downward motion of piston 31 is transmitted to piston 30 byconnecting rod 33, during which the mix in tank 24 is forced throughdischarge 21 as previouslydescribed.

As piston 31 reaches the lower extremity of its downward stroke, flange59 engages abutment 51 on member 56 and rocks the bell crank 52 in aclockwise direction thereby shifting auxiliary valve 46 to the right,permitting air pressure to be applied from intake 38 through auxiliaryvalve chamber 46, through passage 48 onto the righthand end of valve 39,thereby forcing valve 39 to the left and permitting pressure to beapplied from intake 38 through passage 42 into valve chamber 40, throughpassage 44, into the lower end of cylinder 36, thereby forcing piston 31upwardly. During the upward movement of piston 31, exhaust at the upperside of the piston is effected through passage 43, valve chamber 40intermediate the innermost heads of piston valve 39 and passage 5|. Aspiston 31 reaches the upper extremity of its stroke, flange 59 engagesabutment 58 and rocks bell crank 52 counter-clockwise to shift auxiliaryvalve 46 to the left completing one cycle of operation. The upwardmotion of the piston 31 is transmitted to piston 30 through connectingrod 33, during which time the mix in tank 24 is permitted to flow intocylinder 26 through piston 30 as previously described.

Suitable provision is preferably made for keeping the mix in tank 24from coming in contact .with piston rod 33 at 'the point where it passesthrough the bottom, of cylinder 36. A stuffing box 59' is provided aboutsaid connecting rod at this point and extending from said stuffing box'is a pipe or sleeve 60 projecting downwardly within tank 24 aboutconnecting rod 33 to provide an annular space 6| intermediate the sleeveand connecting rod. Exhaust passage 5| may be connected with thisannular space as by conduit 62. Ports 63 are provided in sleeve 60adjacent the lower end to permit the exhaust to pass out into tank 24.The application of the exhaust to the annular space 6| tends to keep themix from flowing upwardly within the sleeve and about the connecting rod33, thereby keeping the mix away from the stufling box and connectingrod The lower extremity 64 of sleeve 60 may be utilized to limit theupward movement of piston 30 by presenting the same in a position toengage the bail 32 of piston 30 at the upper end of the stroke.

Referring now to Figures 2 and 3, there is shown an emplacing unitsomewhat modified in form from the form shown in Fig. 1. The structureis generally similar to the Fig. 1 construction except that the tank, 24is capable of being sealed against the entrance of air as by providing asuitable valveor gate 10 for closing the discharge opening IQ of themixer unit. The purpose of completely closing tank 24 is to provide aunit which may be operated either in a manner similar to the operationpreviously dcscribed with reference to the Fig. 1 construction,

or it may be alternatively operated to eject or previously describedexcept that a control valve ll is introduced between the compressor eand the intake 38. Provision is also made for neutralizing valve 39 asby springs 72 and l3 acting upon the opposite ends of the valve so as tonormally maintain the valve in intermediate or neutral position whenthere is no pressure applied to intake 33.

Referring now to the construction of control valve 15, and itsassociated parts, it comprises a casing 14 having an inlet 75 adapted tobe connected to compressor 3 as by conduit it. A rotatable valve body iiis provided'in the casing to which is suitably attached a control lever18 for manipulation thereof to different positions now to be described.In one position of the valve body, communication is established betweeninlet 15 and an outlet passage 73 in the casing through passages til, 8iand 82. Passage it is connected to intake 38 by a conduit 33 therenyapplying pressure at 38 for actuating the mechanisms in a manner exactlythe same as hereinbeiore described. Instead of applying the exhau'stfrom cylinder 35 to the annular space about connecting rod 33, theexhaust is led from passage iii to atmosphere as through exhaust pipe tl. Annular space 51 may instead be subjected to the full pressure of thecompressor as by taking ofi pressure from conduit l6 and applying thesame to the space through conduit 85. Thus the mix in tank 26 will besubjected to a direct application of fluid pressure as well as anindirect application through the pneumatically operated mechanicalmechanism. A valve 86 may be interposed in conduit to shut off thedirect application of pressure on the mix when desired.

In another position of valve body ll, as illustrated in Fig. 5, thepressure of compressor i may be applied from inlet 15 through passagesB0, 8!, and 87, all in the valv body, and 88', 89 in the casing, conduit90, por" 9B, in the lower end of cylinder 36, thereby causing the pistonto be 'forced upwardly as shown-in Fig. 2, permitting the application ofpressure directly on the mix in tank 24 to force the same through piston38 and out through discharge port 21, the pressurev on the mix beingapplied through conduit 85 and xannular chamber 6| as previouslydescribed. It

automatic pumping operation. The piston, however, will be main ained inits upper position as shown as long as t e control valve remains in thelast mentioned position. As piston 37 is forced upwardly when thecontrol valve is in the last mentioned position, the upper side ofpiston 31 is Open to atmosphere through port 92, conduit 93, passage 94in the valve casing, passage 95 in the valve body, and passage 96 in thevalve casing. With no pressure applied at 38,, valve 39 is maintained ina balanced or neutral position by means of the springs I2 and 13, asshown, thereby closing passages 43 and 34 so that the pressure will bemaintained constant on piston 31.

In a third position of the control valve, the valve body is shifted tobring passage 82 in regaoeaoaa ister with passage 95 so as o applypressure from 15 through 80, 8!, 82, 3d, 93, 92, on top of piston 3i,forcing piston 37 to the bottom of the cylinder as shown in Fig. 3.During the downward movement, the lower side of the piston is open toatmosphere through 96, 9t, 89, 91, 95 and 96-. With the piston 37 in itslowermost position, piston 3!) assumes, its lowermost position, therebypositively and immediately preventing discharge of the mix from tank it,regardless of whether pressure is applied on the mix through conduit 85,or whether the pressure is interrupted by valve as.

, Thus, piston 3t serves to permit or prevent the ejection of the mixfrom tank 2 3 during the direct application of pressure thereon.

It is also to be understood that in the last described position of thecontrol valve, no pressure is present at 38, and hence the mechanicalpump mechanism is inoperative for automatic pumping, the piston 31 beingmaintained atthe bottom of the cylinderdfi. I

Briefly summarizing the operation of the unit shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 5,if the hopper or tank 2 3 is filled with mixed materials from the mixerl, valve ill or door is closed, as by manipulating lever 98, therebymaking tank 26 air tight. It is to be understood that the tank isconstructed sufiiciently strong to withstand the pressure of the averageair compressor, as at t, and-sumciently large to hold a substantialquantity of the mix. Pressure on the mix is then applied by openingvalve 86 to admit air from the/compressor into the tank. If the pressurerequired to force the mix out of discharge opening 2? and beneath apavement slab, or other desired point of emplacement, forelevating theslab, is less than that available at the compressor, the mix will becaused to fiow out of discharge opening 2? and through the hose or otherconduit leading beneath the slab, assuming that the control valve hasbeen manipulated to a position as shown in full lines in Fig. 5, withthe piston 33 maintained in its uppermost position. When the desiredamount of material has been forced beneath the slab, the control valvemay be manipulated to another position with passage 82 in register withpassage 98, thereby forcing the pistons to their lowermost positions andpositively interrupting the flow of material from tank 24 by.

closing valve 35 in piston 30. Considerable wear on the movingmechanical parts may be avoided by utilizing direct air pressure aloneon the mix where this is sufficient to force the mix beneath the slab orto any desired point of emplacement.

In the event the air pressure of the compressor admitted by openingvalve 85 is not sufiicient to force the material beneath the slab, itmay be supplemented by the reciprocation of pistons 3! and 30 caused byshifting control valve as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The relative areas ofthese pistons are such that the pressure produced in this manner isgreater than the airpressure directly available from the compressor. Inthis way the pressure produced under pistons!) andat outlet- 27 is thedirect pressure in tank 26, caused by admitting air through 86, plus thepressure caused by the action of piston '3'! on piston 30 throughconnecting rodf33. 7

While the specificdetails of construction have been herein shown anddescribed, the invention is not confined thereto as alterations may bemade without departing from the spirit thereof as defined by theappended claims.

Having thus described my invention what I 4 claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a portable unit for emplacing a mobile material, supply meansadapted to receive said material, a pump cylinder arranged to receivethe material'from the supply means, a reciprocable piston in saidcylinder, said piston having valve means therein serving to admitmaterial from said supply means through said piston into said cylinderon the stroke of the piston in one direction constituting the intakestroke and preventing passage of said material through said piston onthe stroke thereof in the opposite direction constituting the pressurestroke, said cylinder having a discharge opening for discharging thematerial therefrom under pressure of said piston, a check valveintermediate said piston and said discharge opening in the cylinder,said check valve normally closing on the intake stroke of said piston, afluid pressure cylinder above said supply means, a reciprocable pistontherein, a connecting rod extending from said last mentioned pistonthrough said supply means to said first mentioned piston and serving todrive said first mentioned piston by the reciprocation of said lastmentioned piston, a guide sleeve for said rod, and means for alternatelyapplying a fluid pressure to opposite sides of said last mentionedpiston and to said sleeve, said means serving to effect reciprocation ofsaid pistons, maintenance of clearance of the sleeve of the material anddischarge of said fluid in said supply means.

2. In a portable unit for emplacing a mobile fluid, supply means adaptedto receive said fluid, a pump cylinder beneath said supply means andarranged to receive the fluid from said supply means, a reciprocablepiston in said cylinder,

said piston having valve means therein serving to admit fluid from saidsupply means through said piston into said cylinder on the stroke of thepiston in one direction constituting the intake stroke and preventingpassage of said fluid through said piston on the stroke thereof in theopposite direction constituting the pressure stroke, said cylinderhaving a discharge opening for discharging the fluid therefrom underpressure of said piston, a check valve intermediate said piston and saiddischarge opening in the cylinder, said check valve normally closing onthe intake stroke of said piston, a fluid pressure cylinder abovesaidsupply means, a reciprocable piston therein, a connecting rodextending from said last mentioned piston through said supply means tosaid first mentioned piston and serving to drive said first mentionedpiston by the reciprocation of said last mentioned piston, and means foralternately applying a fluid pressure to opposite sides of the lastmentioned piston, said means including a fluid pressure actuatedshiftable valve and cooperating passages communicating with said fluidpressure cylinder at opposite ends thereof, said passages serving asintake and exhaust passages at opposite sides of said last mentionedpiston, auxiliary valve means for controlling the shifting of said firstmentioned valve, means for automatically controlling said auxiliaryvalve means incident to reciprocation of said piston in said pressurecylinder, said last mentioned means including a member having abutmentmeans thereon engageable by said pressure cylinder piston at theextremity of its stroke in each direction for imparting motion thereto,and means connecting said member with said auxiliary valve means andserving to transmit the motion of said member to said valve meansincident to reciprocation of said piston.

3. In a portable unit for emplacing a mobile fluid, a receiver for saidfluid, a pump cylinder beneath said receiver and arranged to receive thefluid from said receiver, a reciprocable piston in said cylinder, saidpiston having valve means therein serving to admit fluid from saidreceiver through said piston into said cylinder on the stroke of thepiston in one direction constituting the intake stroke and preventingpassage of said fluid through said piston on the stroke thereof in theopposite direction constituting the pressure stroke, said cylinderhaving a discharge opening for discharging the fluid therefrom underpressure of said piston, a check valve intermediate said piston and saiddischarge opening in the cylinder, said check valve normally closing onthe intake stroke of said piston, a fluid pressure cylinder above saidreceiver, a reciprocable piston therein, a connecting rod extending fromsaid last mentioned piston through said receiver to said first mentionedpiston and serving to drive said first mentioned piston by thereciprocation of said last mentioned piston, and means for alternatelyapplying a fluid pressure to opposite sides of the last mentionedpiston, said means including a fluid pressure actuated shiftable valveand cooperating passages communicating with said fluid pressure cylinderat opposite ends thereof, said passages serving as intake and exhaustpassages at opposite sides of said last mentioned piston, auxiliaryvalve means for controlling the shifting of said first mentioned valve,means for automatically controlling said aux,- iliary valve meansincident to reciprocation of said piston in said pressure cylinder, saidlast mentioned means including a member telescopingly arranged in oneend of said connecting rod for said pistons, and having abutment meansthereon engageable by said pressure cylinder piston at the extremity ofits stroke in each direction for imparting motion thereto, and meansconnecting said member with said auxiliary valve means and serving totransmit the motion of said member to said valve means incident toreciprocation of said piston.

4. In a portable unit for emplacing a mobile fluid, a tank adapted toreceive said fluid, a pump cylinder beneath said tank and arranged toreceive the fluid from said tank, a reciprocable piston in saidcylinder, said piston having valve means therein serving to admit fluidfrom said tank through 'said piston into said cylinder on the stroke ofthe piston in one direction constituting the intake stroke andpreventing passage of said fluid through said piston on the strokethereof in the opposite direction constituting the pressure stroke, saidcylinder having a discharge opening for discharging the fluid therefromunder pressure of said piston, a check valve intermediate said pistonand said discharge opening in the cylinder, said check valve normallyclosing on the intake stroke of said piston, a fluid pressure cylinderabove said tank, a reciprocable piston therein, a connecting rodextending from said last mentioned piston to said first mentioned pistonand serving to drive said first mentioned piston by the reciprocation ofsaid last mentioned piston, means for alternately applying a fluidpressure to opposite sides of the last mentioned piston, said meansincluding a fluid pressure actuated shiftable valve and cooperatingpassages communicating with said fluid pressure cylinder at oppositeends thereof, said at opposite sides of said last mentioned piston,auxiliary valve means for controlling the shifting of said firstmentioned valve, means for automatically controlling said auxiliaryvalve means incident to reciprocation of said piston in said pressurecylinder, said last mentioned means including a member having abutmentmeans thereon engageable by said pressure cylinder piston at theextremity of its stroke in each direction for imparting motion thereto,means connecting said member with said auxiliary valve means and servingto transmit the motion of said member to said valve means incident toreciprocation of said piston, and means for directing exhaust pressurefluid within said tank.

5. In a portable-unit for emplacing a mobile fluid, a tank adapted toreceive said fluid, said tank having. its lower portion inwardlytapered, a pump cylinder beneath said tank and. arranged to receive themixed materials therein, said tapered portion of the tank serving toguide the mixed materials into the cylinder, a reciprocable piston insaid cylinder, said piston having valve means therein serving to admitmixed materials from said tank through said piston into said cylinder onthe stroke of the piston in one directionconstituting the intake strokeand preventing passage of said materials through said piston on thestroke thereof in the opposite direction constituting the pressurestroke, said cylinder having a discharge opening for discharging themixed material therefrom under pressure of said piston, a check valveintermediate said piston and said discharge opening in thecylinder, saidcheck valve normally closing on the intake stroke of said piston, afluid pressure cylinder above said tank, a reciprocable piston therein,a connecting rod extending from said last mentioned piston through saidtank te said first mentioned piston and serving to drive said firstmentioned piston by the reciprocation of said last mentioned piston, asleeve in said tank through which said connecting rod extends, saidsleeve defining an elongated annular space about said connecting rod,means for alternately applying and exhausting a fluid pressure atopposite sides of said last mentioned piston, said means serving toeflect reciprocation of said pistons and discharge or said fluid'in saidtank, and-means for directing the exhaust pressure fluid into theannular space about said connectlng rod and adjacent to one end of thesleeve.

, 6. In a portable unit for emplacing a. mobile fluid, a closed tankadapted to receive said fluid,

a pump cylinder beneath said tank andarran'ged to receive the fluid fromsaid tank, a reciprocable piston in said cylinder, said piston havingvalve meanstherein serving to admit mixed materials from said tankthrough said piston into said cylinder on the stroke of the piston in.one direction constituting the intake stroke and preventing passage ofsaid materials through said piston on the stroke thereof in the oppositedirection constituting the pressure stroke, said cylinder having adischarge opening for discharging the mixed material therefrom underpressure of said piston, a check valve intermediate said piston and.said discharge opening in the cylinder, said check valve normallyclosing on v the intake stroke of said piston, a fluid pressure cylinderabove said tank, a reciprocable piston, therein, a connecting rodextending from said last mentioned piston through said tank to saidfirst mentioned piston and serving to drive passages serving as intakeand exhaust passages said first mentioned piston by the reciprocation ofsaid last mentioned piston, means for alternately applying a fluidpressure to' opposite sides of said last mentioned piston, said meansserving to effect reciprocation of said pistons and discharge of saidfluid in said tank by the pressure of said first mentioned piston,manually operable unitary control means for rendering the, alternatepressure applying means inoperative and maintaining the valve means inthe first mentioned piston in open position, and means for admitting apressure fluid into said tank when .the said valve means in the firstmentioned piston is in open position, whereby to discharge the fluid inthe tank directly by the force terials from said tank through saidpiston into said cylinder on the stroke of the piston'in one directionconstituting the intake stroke and preventing passage of said materialsthrough said piston on the stroke thereof in the opposite directionconstituting the pressure stroke, said cylinder having a dischargeopening for discharging the mixed material therefrom under pressure ofsaid piston, a check valve intermediate said piston and said dischargeopening in the cylinder, said check valve normally closing on the intakestroke of said piston, a fluid pressure cylinder above said tank, areciprocable piston therein, a connectingrod extending from said lastmentioned piston through said tank to said first mentioned piston andserving to drive said first mentioned piston by the reciprocation ofsaid last mentioned piston, means for alternately applying a fluidpressure to opposite sides of said last mentioned piston, and henceindirectly to operable control means for transferring the I aforesaidindirect application of fluid pressure on the mobile fluid in the tank,directly to said mobile fluid for direct fluid pressure discharge of thesame from said tank, said control means including means for maintainingsaid first mentioned piston at the extremity of its stroke in onedirection during said direct fluid pressure discharge.

8. In a portable unit for emplacing a mobile fluid, a closed tankadapted to receive said fluid, said tank having its lower portioninwardly ta pered, a pump cylinder beneath said tank and arranged toreceive the mixed materials therein, said tapered portion of the tankserving to guide the mixed materials into the cylinder, a reciprocablepiston in said cylinder, said piston having check valve means thereinserving to admit mixed materials from said'tank through said piston.into said cylinder on the stroke of the piston in one directionconstituting the intake stroke and.

preventing passage of said materials through said piston on the strokethereof in the opposite direction constituting the pressure stroke, saidcylinder having a discharge opening for discharging the mixed materialtherefrom under pressure of said piston, a check valve intermedi- 1fluid from said hopper by the action of gravity,

a reciprocable piston in said cylinder, said pis-.

ate said piston and said discharge opening in the cylinder, said checkvalve normally closing on the intake stroke of said piston, a fluidpressure cylinder above said tank, a reciprocable piston therein, aconnecting rod extending from said last mentioned piston through saidtank to said first mentioned piston and serving to drive said firstmentioned piston by the reciprocation of said last mentioned piston,means for alternately applying a fluid pressure to opposite sides ofsaid last mentioned piston, and hence indirectly to the mobile fluid inthe tank, said means serving to effect reciprocation of said pistons anddischarge of said fluid in said tank, and manually operable controlmeans for transferring the aforesaid indirect application of fluidpressure on the mobile fluid in the tank, directly to said mobile fluidfor direct fluid pressure discharge of the same from said tank, saidcontrol means including means for causing said first mentioned piston toautomatically assume a position with its check valve in open position topermit passage of said fluid in said tank through said piston in thedirect fluid pressure discharge thereof.

9. In a portable unit for emplacing a mobile fluid, a closed tankadapted to receive said fluid, said tank having its lower portioninwardly tapered, a pump cylinder beneath said tank and arranged toreceive the mixed materials therein, said tapered portion of the tankserving to guide the mixed materials into the cylinder, a reciprocablepiston in said cylinder, said piston having check valve means thereinserving to admit mixed materials from said tank through said piston intosaid cylinder on the stroke of the piston in one direction constitutingthe intake stroke and preventing passage of said materials through saidpiston on the stroke thereof in the opposite direction constituting thepressure stroke, said cylinder having a discharge opening fordischarging the mixed material therefrom under pressure of said piston,a check valve intermediate said piston and said discharge opening in thecylinder, said check valve normally closing on the intake stroke of saidpiston, a fluid pressure cylinder above said tank, a reciprocable pistontherein, a connecting rod extending from said last mentioned pistonthrough said tank to said first mentioned piston and serving to drivesaid first mentioned piston by the reciprocation of said last mentionedpiston, means for alternately applying a fluid pressure to oppositesides of said last mentioned piston, and hence indirectly to the mobilefluid in the tank, said means serving to eifect reciprocation of saidpistons and discharge of said fluid in said tank, and manually operablecontrol means for transferring the aforesaid indirect application offluid pressure on the mobile fluid in the tank, directly to said mobilefluid for direct fluid pressure discharge of the same from said tank,said control means including means for selectively causing said firstmentioned piston to automatically assume a position with its check valvein open position to permit passage of said fluid in said tank throughsaid piston in the direct fluid pressure discharge thereof, and forcausing the said first mentioned piston to automatically assume aposition with its check valve closed to interrupt the discharge of fluidfrom said tank.

10. In a portable unit for emplacing a mobile fluid, a closed fluidreceiving hopper having an intake opening for the reception of saidfluid therein, a vertical cylinder suspendingly carried by said hopperbeneath the same for receiving ton having an opening longitudinallytherethrough constituting a valve seat, a connecting rod slidablycarrying said piston, said connecting rod having at its piston end avalve adapted to cooperate with said valve seat in said piston, saidvalve engaging said seat incident to downward thrusts on said connectingrod and thereby imparting downward movement to said piston, and .risingabove said seat incident to upward movement of said connecting rod, saidcylinder having an outlet adjacent the lower extremity thereof, means insaid cylinder to limit downward movement of the piston and maintain thepiston valve closed at the end of its downward stroke, whereby tointerrupt discharge of said fluid, and means for imparting upward anddownward movement to said connecting rod, said last named meansincluding means for stopping and holding said piston at the end of itsdownward stroke, whereby to prevent discharge of the fluid through thecylinder outlet pursuant to the closure of the piston valve at the endof the downward stroke as aforesaid.

11. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a receptaclefor containing a fluid filler material to be charged and thus emplacedat a predetermined site, means operative to cause discharge of thematerial from the said receptacle including a mechanical pressure devicearranged to act directly upon the material, fluid pressure meansarranged to cause fluid pressure to act directly upon the fillermaterial to effect discharge thereof, said mechanical means beingconstructed to control discharge of the filler material by said fluidpressure means for causing discharge of the material from the receptaclefor emplacement at the site where it will be used, said mechanismcomprising parts controlling the application of the fluid pressure tothe filler material directly unde: the control of the mechanicalpressure device.

12. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a receptaclefor containing a fluid filler material to be discharged therefrom andemplaced at a site for its use, a piston device for discharging saidfiller material from the said receptacle, and fluid pressure meansarranged to apply fluid pressure directly to the flller material todischarge same and to operate the piston device, said piston deviceincluding means for interrupting the'discharge of the filler material bythe fluid pressure means.

13. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a closablereceptacle to receive a fluid material, means for discharging said fluidmaterial by direct fluid pressure, and automatically operable mechanicalmeans for discharging said fluid material from said receptacle, saidlast mentioned means including manually operable means to control thedischarge of the material by said first mentioned means.

14. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a closablereceptacle to receive a fluid material, means for discharging said fluidmaterial by direct fluid pressure, piston means for discharging saidfluid material, and means coacting with said piston means and movableinto one position to effect discharge of the material through saidpiston means by direct fluid pressure and movable into another positionto interrupt said discharge, said last mentioned means constitutingactuating means for the pisaoeaoaa adapted to operate independently ofsaid last mentioned means, said last mentioned means being adapted tooperate independently of said first mentioned means, and said lastmentioned means also being adapted to. control flow of said fluidmaterial from said receptacle by said first mentioned means.

JOHN W. POUL'I'ER.

